Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment

Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment

Wearable Devices for Fall Prediction, Detection, and Prevention

One of the biggest health risks for senior individuals around the world is falling. In Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom, the rate of hospital admission for falls among seniors 60 years of age and older ranges between 1.6 and 3.0 per 10,000 individuals yearly (Baig et al., 2019). Injuries like hip fractures, subdural hematomas, deep tissue traumas, and brain injuries happen after one in ten falls among older persons. Falls can result in psychological distress as well as social repercussions in addition to physical harm. It is common knowledge that fear of falling and post-fall anxiety syndrome are unfavorable outcomes of falls. Self-imposed functional restrictions might emerge from a loss of self-confidence that makes it unsafe to ambulate (Tanwar et al., 2022). Given the rising population of elderly persons, predicting and assessing fall risks in older adults aged 60 years and above is crucial. It is now possible to create fall prevention systems that are more effective and optimized due to developments in the fields of sensors, cameras, and communication. Knowing and evaluating the factors that cause falls, foreseeing potential falls, and ultimately preventing falls are all part of the fall prevention process. Applying the research methods, I identified evidence-based research that evaluated the intervention in question (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2018)Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment.

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The use of smart wearable devices has been employed in the detection and prevention of falls in older adults both at home and in hospitals (Silva de Lima et al., 2017). According to a study by Baig et al. (2019) which aimed at reviewing various wearable devices for fall detection and prevention, the footwear-based SmartStep device was more effective than other wrist-worn and waist-worn devices. SmartStep is a footwear-based wearable device with insole sensors, a 3D accelerometer, and a 3D gyroscope integrated into a CC2540 system on a chip that is embedded in an insole. The effectiveness of this device on fall detection and prevention was compared with the performance of a wrist-worn sensor. The findings of the study reveal that the footwear-based device was more comfortable and more effective in fall detection and prevention than the wrist-worn and waist-worn devices (Baig et al., 2019).

These findings are supported by another study conducted by Tanwar et al. (2022). According to this study, in order to identify a suitable system for detecting and preventing falls in older adults, possible risk factors for falls must be considered first. Environment, demographic, behavior, and biology are the major common risk factors for falls in older adults. In this review, various forms of fall detection devices such as wearable devices, camera-based devices, and ambiance devices were compared. Findings indicate that wearable devices were more sensitive and effective in detecting falls compared to camera-based and ambiance devices (Tanwar et al., 2022). In addition, wearable devices were less costly and easy to configure thereby suitable for use by older adults. Further, there are no visuals in wearable devices, therefore, offering some privacy to the target client. Overall, wearable smart devices tested in a sample population achieved an accuracy of 99.0%, 100% sensitivity, and 97.9% specificity (Tanwar et al., 2022).

Fall detection systems are very important since they detect falls and send alerts to caregivers. This enables the older adults to get urgent help in order to avoid the after-effects of falls which might be severe (Silva de Lima et al., 2017). These devices also support elderly persons to live independently. Generally, wearable smart devices for fall detection and prevention are effective, low cost, offer privacy, and are easy to use therefore for use by older adults both at home and in hospital. In general, through critical appraisal of evidence, the above three studies which utilized systemic review study design were identified and considered to obtain the best evidence-based practice to apply in the clinical setting (Fineout-Overholt et al., 2010)Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment.

References

Baig, M. M., Afifi, S., GholamHosseini, H., & Mirza, F. (2019). A systematic review of wearable sensors and IoT-based monitoring applications for older adults – a focus on ageing population and independent living. Journal of Medical Systems, 43(8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-019-1365-7

Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B. M., Stillwell, S. B., & Williamson, K. M. (2010). Evidence-based practice step by step: Critical appraisal of the evidence: Part I. AJN, American Journal of Nursing, 110(7), 47-52. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000383935.22721.9c Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Silva de Lima, A. L., Evers, L. J., Hahn, T., Bataille, L., Hamilton, J. L., Little, M. A., Okuma, Y., Bloem, B. R., & Faber, M. J. (2017). Freezing of gait and fall detection in Parkinson’s disease using wearable sensors: A systematic review. Journal of Neurology, 264(8), 1642-1654. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-017-8424-0

Tanwar, R., Nandal, N., Zamani, M., & Manaf, A. A. (2022). Pathway of trends and technologies in fall detection: A systematic review. Healthcare, 10(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010172 Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment

Each year, one out of every four older persons in the United States falls, making falls a public health concern, particularly among the elderly. Each year, around 36 million older persons fall, resulting in minor injuries, major injuries such as head traumas, hip fractures, and fractured bones, and over 32,000 deaths.

Smart wearable fall detection devices are low-cost, easy to operate and provide some privacy therefore they are preferred for use in older adults. They accurately detect falls therefore allows the client to summon for help or allows the caregiver to offer help in time thus prevention adverse events due to fall. Findings of various studies mentioned above indicate that the use of smart wearable fall detection devices in adults aged 65 years and above has significantly reduced the fall rates and injuries in this population.

To develop a PICOT question, one needs to analyze the clinical problem that a certain group of persons are facing in the health organization. You then research for appropriate approaches that can help in solving the clinical problem. One also need to identify a specific outcome(s) to be achieved t the end of the a specified duration

Systematic search was conducted in the above named databases. The Boolean operators were used to connect words in order to increase or filter and reduce the number of articles selected for review. For example, fall detection AND smart wearable devices were connected to identify articles that discuss fall detection using smart wearable devices. Smart wearable fall detection devices AND older adults NOT children was also a combination that yielded articles that discussed detection of falls using wearable devices in adults only. This locked out articles that discussed the intervention in another population other than older adults

All the articles selected entailed systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and other experimental studies therefore they fall under Level I in the hierarchy of level of evidence

Systematic reviews search, appraise and compile all relevant empirical evidence with the aim of providing a full explanation of research findings. They provide a clear and complete assessment of the available evidence on a particular subject. They also aid in the identification of research gaps in our present knowledge of healthcare.

References

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, December 16). Keep on your feet – Preventing older adult falls. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved June 17, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/injury/features/older-adult-falls/index.html

Chaudhuri, S., Thompson, H., & Demiris, G. (2015). Fall detection devices and their use with older adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 37(4), 178-196. https://doi.org/10.1519/jpt.0b013e3182abe779

Library of Congress. (n.d.). Boolean operators and nesting. LC Catalog. Retrieved June 17, 2022, from https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/ui/en_US/htdocs/help/searchBoolean.html

Mallett, R., Hagen-Zanker, J., Slater, R., & Duvendack, M. (2012). The benefits and challenges of using systematic reviews in international development research. Journal of Development Effectiveness, 4(3), 445-455. https://doi.org/10.1080/19439342.2012.711342

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Ren, L., & Peng, Y. (2019). Research of fall detection and fall prevention technologies: A systematic review. IEEE Access, 7, 77702-77722. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2922708

Usmani, S., Saboor, A., Haris, M., Khan, M. A., & Park, H. (2021). Latest research trends in fall detection and prevention using machine learning: A systematic review. Sensors, 21(15), 5134. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155134

Step 1: Research Analysis

Complete the table below

Topic of Interest:	Transition From Registered Nurse to Family Nurse Practitioner
Research Article: Include full citation in APA format, as well as link or search details (such as DOI)	Poronsky, C. B. (2013). Exploring the transition from registered nurse to family nurse practitioner. Journal of Professional Nursing, 29(6), 358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2012.10.011 Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment
Professional Practice Use: One or more professional practice uses of the theories/concepts presented in the article	This research article uses Transition Theory to examine the phases and stages of RN to FNP transition. Rigorous graduate level academic preparation, acquisition of new knowledge and skills, and major changes of function and scope of practice help “transition the RN from providing patient care to prescribing patient care” (Poronsky,2013).
Research Analysis Matrix Add more rows if necessary	Strengths of the Research	Limitations of the Research	Relevancy to Topic of Interest	Notes
Research Analysis Matrix Add more rows if necessary	This research article is a peer-reviewed journal and written by an individual who actually went through the stages of RN to FNP and then PhD. Cathlin Buckingham Poronsky is an Assistant Professor and Director of the Family Nurse Practitioner Program at Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing in Chicago IL.	There is limited information regarding the transition from RN to FNP. This was qualitative research only dealing with words and meanings. A quantitative study would have been useful in that, numbers and statistics have a way of showing more relevant data. In the review the terms stages and phases were not defined.	The research article is relevant to the topic of interest. It does talk about the transition from RN to FNP	The transition from RN to FNP can be a very stressful transition causing anxiety and feelings of incompetence. It is important that nurses are aware of the different stages/phases that occur when deciding to make this transition.

Attempting to identify and analyze peer-reviewed research was somewhat difficult to do at first. However, after reading the required research, it is starting to make more since. I have learned most scholarly research are in the form of journals. Through my readings, I have determined there are three different types of journals. There are Scholarly Journals, Trade Publications, and Popular Magazines. Scholarly journals are the only peer-reviewed journals. “When you limit your results to only scholarly journals you also limit your results to only peer-reviewed journals” (Walden University Library, 2019) Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment.

A strategy I use to find a peer-reviewed research is to find a database and then search for only peer-reviewed journals or scholarly journals. In doing this, only peer-reviewed journals should pop up. Science Direct has an advanced search and a basic search option. If you know your topic/field you are going for, the basic search option would allow you to enter the topic of choice with scholarly journal added to it and your research should pop up with relative ease.

Another strategy found to be effective in finding a peer-reviewed article is to evaluate the Author and publisher. When doing this, ask yourself, who is the author? Is this author qualified to write about this topic? What else has the author written? These questions can be answered by clicking on the author’s name in the journal. If these questions can be answered accordingly, the author is legitimate. Second, evaluate the publisher. Ask yourself, who is the publisher? When was this journal published? What makes this publisher trustworthy? These answers can be found by clicking on the publisher of the article (Walden University Library, 2019).

Two course specific resources I will use in the future to find a peer-reviewed article is Walden University Library to determine my topic, pick my database, search for scholarly journals regarding my topic, and evaluate the author, publisher, and content. The second course specific resource I will use is the verify peer-reviewed icon in Walden University Library. In selecting this icon, I can enter my citation and it will tell me if the journal is a true peer-reviewed journal or not. The outside resource I will use will be the different databases I choose to select to search for my peer-reviewed journal; specifically, Science Direct because “it specializes in only scholarly journals” (ScienceDirect, 2022).

To Prepare:

Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and the four systematic reviews (or other filtered high- level evidence) you selected in Module 3.
Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and analyzed in Module 3.
Review and download the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template provided in the Resources.
The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

Part 3A: Critical Appraisal of Research

Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected by completing the Evaluation Table within the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Choose a total of four peer- reviewed articles that you selected related to your clinical topic of interest in Module 2 and Module 3.

Note: You can choose any combination of articles from Modules 2 and 3 for your Critical Appraisal. For example, you may choose two unfiltered research articles from Module 2 and two filtered research articles (systematic reviews) from Module 3 or one article from Module 2 and three articles from Module 3. You can choose any combination of articles from the prior Module Assignments as long as both modules and types of studies are represented.

Part 3B: Critical Appraisal of Research

Based on your appraisal, in a 1-2-page critical appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, justifying your proposal with APA citations of the research.

REFERENCES

Poronsky, C. B. (2013). Exploring the transition from registered nurse to family nurse 358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2012.10.011

ScienceDirect, Jan 17, 2022, from https://uws-uk.libguides.com/sciencedirect

Walden University Library. N.d.). Evaluating resources: Journals. October 4, 2019, from

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/evaluating/resource-types/journals

Walden University Library. (n.d.). Instructional media: Fundamentals of library research

October 4, 2019. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/instructionalmedia/researchfundamentals Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment

Evaluation Table

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Use this document to complete the evaluation table requirement of the Module 4 Assessment, Evidence-Based Project, Part 3A: Critical Appraisal of Research

Full APA formatted citation of selected article.	Article #1	Article #2	Article #3	Article #4
Full APA formatted citation of selected article.
Evidence Level * (I, II, or III)
Conceptual Framework Describe the theoretical basis for the study (If there is not one mentioned in the article, say that here).**
Design/Method Describe the design and how the study was carried out (In detail, including inclusion/exclusion criteria).
Sample/Setting The number and characteristics of patients, attrition rate, etc.
Major Variables Studied List and define dependent and independent variables
Measurement Identify primary statistics used to answer clinical questions (You need to list the actual tests done).
Data Analysis Statistical or Qualitative findings (You need to enter the actual numbers determined by the statistical tests or qualitative data).
Findings and Recommendations General findings and recommendations of the research
*Appraisal and Study Quality* Describe the general worth of this research to practice. What are the strengths and limitations of study? What are the risks associated with implementation of the suggested practices or processes detailed in the research? What is the feasibility of use in your practice?
Key findings
Outcomes
General Notes/Comments

*These levels are from the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice: Evidence Level and Quality Guide

Level I

Experimental, randomized controlled trial (RCT), systematic review RTCs with or without meta-analysis

Level II

Quasi-experimental studies, systematic review of a combination of RCTs and quasi-experimental studies, or quasi-experimental studies only, with or without meta-analysis

Level III

Nonexperimental, systematic review of RCTs, quasi-experimental with/without meta-analysis, qualitative, qualitative systematic review with/without meta-synthesis

Level IV

Respected authorities’ opinions, nationally recognized expert committee/consensus panel reports based on scientific evidence

Level V

Literature reviews, quality improvement, program evaluation, financial evaluation, case reports, nationally recognized expert(s) opinion based on experiential evidence

**Note on Conceptual Framework

The following information is from Walden academic guides which helps explain conceptual frameworks and the reasons they are used in research. Here is the link https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframework

Researchers create theoretical and conceptual frameworks that include a philosophical and methodological model to help design their work. A formal theory provides context for the outcome of the events conducted in the research. The data collection and analysis are also based on the theoretical and conceptual framework.

As stated by Grant and Osanloo (2014), “Without a theoretical framework, the structure and vision for a study is unclear, much like a house that cannot be constructed without a blueprint. By contrast, a research plan that contains a theoretical framework allows the dissertation study to be strong and structured with an organized flow from one chapter to the next.”

Theoretical and conceptual frameworks provide evidence of academic standards and procedure. They also offer an explanation of why the study is pertinent and how the researcher expects to fill the gap in the literature.

Literature does not always clearly delineate between a theoretical or conceptual framework. With that being said, there are slight differences between the two.

References

The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Johns Hopkins University (n.d.). Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice: appendix C: evidence level and quality guide. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/evidence-based-practice/_docs/appendix_c_evidence_level_quality_guide.pdf
Grant, C., & Osanloo, A. (2014). Understanding, selecting, and integrating a theoretical framework in dissertation research: Creating the blueprint for your house. Administrative Issues Journal: Education, Practice, and Research, 4(2), 12-26.

Walden University Academic Guides (n.d.). Conceptual & theoretical frameworks overview. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframework Wearable Devices For Fall Prediction, Detection, And Prevention Assignment