The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies
The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies: Annotated Bibliography
Choose a clinical application system or some form of technology related to healthcare. Think beyond electronic medical records. Choose one of these topics. The articles that you chose should be research based and no more than five years old. Your paper should focus on one technology not four different technologies. You will lose points if your paper does not follow the rules related to the topic of the paper. If you are unsure of your topic, please contact me, and I will give you guidance. Please abide by the page limit. Your paper should be no more than 5 pages (that does not include the title or reference page). In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following: Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format. Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples. In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles 2. Make sure to have an introduction and conclusion. 3. You must have level headings. 4. Be careful about plagiarism. 5. Only write about one technology. You will lose point if you do different topic. 6. Make sure that you synthesize the four articles at the end of the paper. 7. Answer all parts of the question for each article. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies
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Electronic health records (EHR) systems continue to be touted as important tools for improving nursing care outcomes and efficiency. In fact, EHR systems are noted to offer significant advantages that include: reducing health care costs, improving productivity, enhancing information privacy and security, improving interactions, enabling quick access to patient records, and providing complete, up-to-date information on the patients. There has been significant talk about the benefits that EHR systems can offer in nursing care. However, less is known about how nurses perceive them, and their opinions about the negative and positive effects of these systems. There is a gap, then, in understanding the perception of nurses and other medical personnel concerning EHR systems and how they can be improved to minimize the harms and maximize the benefits.
Salameh, B., Eddy, L., Batran, A., Hijaz, A., & Jaser, S. (2019). Nurses' Attitudes Toward the Use of an Electronic Health Information System in a Developing Country. SAGE Open Nursing, 5. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2377960819843711
In this journal article, Salameh et al. present the result of a research study of the attitudes of nurses towards the use of EHR systems within a developing country. The authors note that these systems have been extensively adopted in the health care industry and have resulted in significant transformation within the industry. In addition, it concedes that EHR implementation has been successful because of perceived benefits in improving the quality of nursing care delivered to patients, saving time, and making the jobs of nurses easier. However, there is concern that little is known about nurses’ attitudes and acceptance of EHR systems in developing countries, particularly in Palestine. Towards this end, a research study was conducted applying a descriptive, cross-sectional approach that recruited 191 nurses in 3 Palestinian government hospitals. The results of the study revealed that while nurses understand the need for and accept EHR systems, they are concerned that some of their needs as users are not met. To address this concern, the study recommended greater inclusion of nurses in the early phases of planning and implementation. This would ensure that the nurses’ needs are included in the system specification and acquisition. Besides that, the authors recommended that although the study was conducted in a developing country, the results can be adopted as a learning experience for developed countries. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies
Salameh et al.’s study on nurses’ attitudes towards EHR systems is useful for medical organizations to understand the need to include nurses during the early stages of the system planning and implementation. This piece is also useful for nurses to advocate for their inclusion in change management. However, the study was conducted in Palestine and may not be generalizable for other areas. There is a need to conduct a study in the USA as a developed country to compare the results and understand if a technological background in the society influences nurses’ attitudes towards EHR systems.
Vehko, T., Hyppönen, H., Puttonen, S., Kujala, S., Ketola, E., Tuukkanen, J., … & Heponiemi, T. (2019). Experienced time pressure and stress: electronic health records usability and information technology competence play a role. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 19, article number 160. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-019-0891-z
Vehko et al. present the results of a research study that explores how EHR system usability factors and nurses’ informatics competence influence the time pressure and stress associated with EHR system use. The article reports that EHR systems have been widely adopted in health care delivery, and they have turned into an elementary tool used by nurses in health care. Still, the authors’ note that as a tool, EHR systems may have an impact on workflow within health care organizations. This is an issue of concern since nurses are the single largest health care profession, and as extensive users of EHR systems, their experiences with the systems and informatics competence may have an influence on the workflow. To be more precise, if nurses have difficulty in navigating the EHR system, then their work would slow down and this would negatively affect the workflow. To explore the perception of nurses, the study conducted a nationwide survey in Finland that recruited 3,607 nurses. The results of the study reported that poor EHR system user friendliness and reliability as usability factors linked with high time pressure. In addition, low informatics competence among nurses is lined with time pressure in EHR use. Besides that, low support for cooperation, low EHR system reliability and low informatics competence were associated with high psychological distress. The study concludes that poor EHR system user-friendliness and unreliability are prominent sources of psychological distress and time pressure among nurses.
Vehko et al. offered an insightful analysis into the factors that affect EHR usability among nurses. Although the insight is helpful in understand how EHR benefits can be leveraged in nursing care provision, the study was conducted in Finland and may not be generalizable for the USA. Still, the study offers important information on the issues that may negatively impact the perception of nurses concerning EHR system use in professional practice.
Moy, A. J., Schwartz, J. M., Chen, R. J., Sadri, S., Lucas, E., Cato, K. D., & Rossetti, S. C. (2021). Measurement of clinical documentation burden among physicians and nurses using electronic health records: a scoping review. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 28(5), 998-1008. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa325
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Moy et al. provided the results of a research study that explored the burden that nurses and physicians face from using EHR systems. The study was based on the understanding EHR systems introduce new responsibilities with significant documentation burden that contributes to clinician burnout. It notes that while burnout has been extensively studies to include exploration of validated measures and classifications, the effect of documentation burden on burnout has not been well researched. As such, the study sought to characterize documentation burden arising from the use of EHR systems. Towards this end, a secondary research approach was applied based on PRISMA scoping reviews guidelines that assessed publications in four databases. The results of the study identified five effort constructs to include: patient interaction; workflow fragmentation; cognitively cumbersome work, administrative tasks, EHR work after hours and remotely; clinical review/documentation; and EHR usage and workload. In addition, the study reported four time constructs: activity rate; timeliness of completion; proportion of time; and average time. Although the study sought to explore the documentation burden that nurses and other clinicians face in the use of EHR, the results reveals that validated and standard measures of documentation burden are lacking. This resulted in the conclusion that further study is needed. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies
Since the study identified documentation burden as a concern in EHR use among nurses, but noted that there was no rigor or consensus on the best approach. This makes it clear that although the research is useful for those looking into the burden that EHR imposes on nurses, the results are not reliable as further research is needed to identify the best practices for measuring documentation burden and standard the use of these measurements. Still, the study offers important background information on concerns about EHR systems among nurses and this is useful for the current need when paired with other research.
Kruse, C. S., Stein, A., Thomas, H., & Kaur, H. (2018). The use of Electronic Health Records to Support Population Health: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Medical Systems, 42, article number 214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-018-1075-6
In this journal article, Kruse et al. presents the results of a case study into the position that EHR systems play in supporting population health. Kruse et al. describes EHR as an emerging technology that is intended to improve the quality and efficiency of health care, as well as reduce the existing health disparities in population health. Still, the technology has also been associated with some concerns to include medical errors, functionality and interoperability. Even with these concerns, the authors postulate that EHR has significant value and that proper implementation EHR systems and training can improve population health management. Given this awareness, the study sought to explore the use of EHR as determined by the identification and analysis of facilitators and barriers to EHR adoption. Applying a secondary research approach that reviewed literature published in two databases, the study results reported that the facilitators to EHR use include productivity, efficiency, quality, data management, surveillance and preventive care. In addition, the study results reported that the barriers to EHR use include technology complexity, productivity loss, interoperability concerns and lack of standards, and missing data. The study concludes that there are more facilitates than barriers, there implying that EHR has a certain level of acceptability and usability to use. Also, there is a need to improve standards and interoperability as this increases EHR use, and subsequently increases data comprehensiveness, accuracy and availability in population health.
Kruse et al.’s explanation on how to increase EHR adoption and use is useful for understanding the measures that can be undertaken to support nurses in EHR use. Still, it is important to note that the study does not include the opinions of nurses. This study is useful for exploring background information on opinions concerning EHR systems, and this will be applied to develop an understanding of what can be expected from opinions of nurses on EHR systems. The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies